Process of rendering tetrachlorid of carbon and other halogen hydrocarbons, or hydrocarbons, soluble in dilute solutions of soap.



-be a full, clear,

UNITED STATES PATENT onrron".

LEONHARD FRANK, OF BERLIN, AND GEORG FENDLER,

GERMANY.

PROCESS RENDERING TETRACHLORID OF CARBON AND OTHER 0R HYDROCARBONS, SOLUBLE IN DILUTE SOLUTIONS OF SOAP.

0F STEGLITZ, NEAR BERLIN,

HALOGEN HYDRO- N 0 Drawing.

To all whom it may concern. 7

Be it known that We, LEONHARD FRANK, a subject of the German Emperor and the Grand Duke of Oldenburg, residing at 8 M iinchener street, Berlin, Kingdomof Prussia, German Empire, and Gross FENDLER, a subject of the German Emperor and the King of Prussia, residing at 2 Siidend street, Steglitz, near Berlin, Kingdom of Prussia, German Empire, have invented a new and useful Improvement in processes of rendering tetrachlorid of carbon and other halogen hydrocarbons, or hydrocarbons, soluble in dilute solutions of soap; andwe do hereby declare the following to and exact description of the same.

This invention relates to the preparation of saponaceous solutions or cleansing liquors for detergent purposes containing, as an auxiliary detergent, a hydrocarbon or the halogen derivative of a hydrocarbon present in a soluble or finely divided state, and our invention relates more particularly to the preparation of the auxiliary detergent so as to render it soluble in or miscible with saponaceous solutions in soluble or miscible, the object of the present invention being to enable the use of hydrocarbons such as oil of turpentine or their halogen derivatives such as tetrachlorid of carbon in conjunction with saponaceous solutions in which they are not directly soluble or miscible, that is to say, saponaceous solutions of such nature and dilution that the auxiliary detergent cannot be dissolved therein without the agency of additional solvents. In order to render these auxiliary detergents soluble in the saponaceous solution, it has hitherto been necessary to employ considerable quantities of soap and only certain kinds of soap were found suitable for this purpose.

Hitherto tetrachlorid of carbon could only be dissolved by the use of highly concentrated solutions of certain kinds of soap, such as 25% solutions of the particular soap. The percentage of tetrachlorid of carbon in these solutions was generally less than the percentage of soap and it was found impossible to increase the percentage of tetrachlorid of carbon. It is true that these solutions remained clear when diluted' with Specification of Letters Patent.

7 1t was which it is not directly solve or mix therewith in a finely Patented Dec. 28, 1915.

Application filed J une 21, 1910. Serial No. 568,098.

water,

to use. Moreover only soap could be employed and consequently the solutions hitherto obtained were solutions of particular kinds and it was impossible to obtain liquors containing tetrachlorid of carbon and any other kind of soap.

According to the present invention the hydrocarbons or their halogen derivatives are emulsified with a small quantity of an aqueous soap solution, preferably a potash soap, Whose fatty acid content is less than about 1 0% of the hydrocarbon or its halogen derivative employed, that is to say, an aqueous soap solution which is insufficient to completely dissolve the hydrocarbon or' its halogen derivative but enables an emulsion to be formed. In this manner the auxiliary detergent is obtained in a state in which it is capable of dissolving in or mixing in a finely divided state with saponaceous solutions of any desired nature and dilution in which it would otherwise not be directly soluble or miscible. The quantity of soap required in the production of the emulsion is so small that it would not sufiice alone for detergent purposes since it would constitute only about 1% of theamount of soap actually required for detergent purposes. The small quantity of soap present in the emulsion can therefore exercise-no material action on the materials or articles to be cleansed.

he emulsion is admixed with any other cleansing liquor which may contain any kind of soap or detergent suitable for the particular kind of materials or articles to be cleansed, even if the hydrocarbons or their halogen derivatives are not directly soluble therein, since the hydrocarbons or their halogen derivatives when added to the cleansing liquor in the form of an emulsion obtained as above described immediately disdivided washing state.

The present process is not confined to the employment 0 certain soaps which may have undesirable secondary actions, but those of soap 200 g. fatty acids) in 4. 200 g. fatty acids are dissolved in 10 kg. tetrachlorid of carbon,

Examples.

1. 10 kg. tetrachlorid of carbon are shaken with 500 g. potash soap (containing 200 g. fatty acids) and 3 kg. water until the soa is completely dissolved and a uniform emu s sion is obtained.

2. 10 kg. tetrachlorid of carbon are shaken with 500 g. potash soap (containing 200 g. fatty acids) until the soap is completely divided, whereupon 3 kg. water are added and the mixture shaken Well.

3. 10 kg. t'etrachlorid of carbon are vigorously agitated, until an emulsion forms, with a solution of 500 g. potash soap (containing 3 kg. water.

whereupon the solution is shaken, untilvan emulsion forms, with the quantity of an aqneous solution of alkali hydroxid or alkali carbonate requisite for saturating the fatty acids.

5. 200 g. fatty acids are dissolved in 10 kg. benzin, whereupon the solution is shaken, until an emulsion is formed, with the quantity of an aqueous solution of alkali droxid or alkali carbonate requisite for saturating the fatty acids.

6. 10 kg. benzin are vigorously shaken, until an emulsion forms, with a solution of 500 g. potash soap (containing 200 g. fatty acids) in 3 kg.'water. 5

.The practical employment of this emulsion is the most simple imaginable. About 400 to 500 g. of the emulsion are added before the washing process or during the same to each 100 liters of the 0.5 to 1% soap lye ready for use, for the manufacture of which any optional soap can be employed.

We claim v 1. An auxiliary detergent preparation soluble in or miscible in a finely divided state with saponaceous solutions comprising an emulsion of a halogen derivative of a hydrocarbon and an aqueous soap solution whose fatty acid content is less than about 10% of the halogen derivative.

2. An auxiliary detergent preparation soluble in or miscible in a finely divided state with saponaceous solutions comprising an emulsion of a halogen derivative. of a hydrocarbon not directly soluble in the saponaceous solutions and an aqueous soap solution whose fatty acid content is less than about 10% of the halogen derivative.

In testimony whereof, we have signed our names to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses. 1 3

R. LEONHARD FfaANk. DR. GEORG FENDLER.

Witnesses HENRY HASPER, WOLDEMAR HAUPT. 

